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mouse pge2 elisa kit  (R&D Systems)


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    R&D Systems mouse pge2 elisa kit
    Mouse Pge2 Elisa Kit, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1051 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/mouse+pge2+elisa+kit/Prostaglandin+E2+Parameter+Assay+Kit/pm40295199-101-27-31
    Average 96 stars, based on 1051 article reviews
    mouse pge2 elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    96/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Retrofractamide C Derived from Piper longum Alleviates Xylene-Induced Mouse Ear Edema and Inhibits Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB in LPS-Induced J774A.1
    Article Snippet: .. J774A.1 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h after pretreatment with dexamethasone and RAC for 1 h. Then, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, Molecules 2020, 25, 4058 8 of 11 USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Retrofractamide C Derived from Piper longum Alleviates Xylene-Induced Mouse Ear Edema and Inhibits Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB in LPS-Induced J774A.1
    Article Snippet: .. J774A.1 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h after pretreatment with dexamethasone and RAC for 1 h. Then, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Retrofractamide C Derived from Piper longum Alleviates Xylene-Induced Mouse Ear Edema and Inhibits Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB in LPS-Induced J774A.1
    Article Snippet: .. J774A.1 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h after pretreatment with dexamethasone and RAC for 1 h. Then, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, Molecules 2020, 25, 4058 8 of 11 USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Retrofractamide C Derived from Piper longum Alleviates Xylene-Induced Mouse Ear Edema and Inhibits Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB in LPS-Induced J774A.1
    Article Snippet: .. J774A.1 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h after pretreatment with dexamethasone and RAC for 1 h. Then, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Marine Microorganism-Derived Macrolactins Inhibit Inflammatory Mediator Effects in LPS-Induced Macrophage and Microglial Cells by Regulating BACH1 and HO-1/Nrf2 Signals through Inhibition of TLR4 Activation
    Article Snippet: .. RAW264.7 and BV2 cells cultured in 24-well plates (6 × 10 5 cells/well) were treated with MA, DMF, MF and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The supernatant of each well was harvested; the PGE2 content was measured using the mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and the IL-6 and TNF-α contents were determined using the mouse IL-6 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and mouse TNF-α ELISA kit (Enzo Life Sciences) according to the manufacturers protocol. ..

    Article Title: Processed Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Extract Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress through a Crosstalk between NF-κB and KEAP1/NRF2 Signaling in Macrophage Cells
    Article Snippet: .. RAW 264.7 cells (1 × 105 cells/well) were pretreated with different concentrations of PSGE and DXM 20 μM for 2 h and then exposed to LPS 1μg/mL for 24 h. The supernatant of each well was collected and centrifuged at 1500 rpm at 4 ◦C for 10 min. IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were measured using mouse IL-6 and TNF-α ELISA kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and PGE2 using mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), following the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Marine Microorganism-Derived Macrolactins Inhibit Inflammatory Mediator Effects in LPS-Induced Macrophage and Microglial Cells by Regulating BACH1 and HO-1/Nrf2 Signals through Inhibition of TLR4 Activation
    Article Snippet: .. RAW264.7 and BV2 cells cultured in 24-well plates (6 × 105 cells/well) were treated with MA, DMF, MF and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The supernatant of each well was harvested; the PGE2 content was measured using the mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and the IL-6 and TNF-α contents were determined using the mouse IL-6 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and mouse TNF-α ELISA kit (Enzo Life Sciences) according to the manufacturers protocol. ..

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ajuga decumbens Extract under Blue Light Stimulation.
    Article Snippet: Introduction The inflammatory response is an innate immune reaction involving immune cells that remove and regenerate tissues damaged by external stimuli, such as pathogens or toxins, and defend against invading factors [1, 2].. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, binds to CD14, an LPS-binding protein in host cells, including macrophages, and subsequently activates Toll-like receptor 4, which triggers the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.. This activation is known to induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as inflammatory mediators like inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [3].

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Marine Microorganism-Derived Macrolactins Inhibit Inflammatory Mediator Effects in LPS-Induced Macrophage and Microglial Cells by Regulating BACH1 and HO-1/Nrf2 Signals through Inhibition of TLR4 Activation
    Article Snippet: .. RAW264.7 and BV2 cells cultured in 24-well plates (6 × 10 5 cells/well) were treated with MA, DMF, MF and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The supernatant of each well was harvested; the PGE2 content was measured using the mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and the IL-6 and TNF-α contents were determined using the mouse IL-6 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and mouse TNF-α ELISA kit (Enzo Life Sciences) according to the manufacturers protocol. ..

    Article Title: Marine Microorganism-Derived Macrolactins Inhibit Inflammatory Mediator Effects in LPS-Induced Macrophage and Microglial Cells by Regulating BACH1 and HO-1/Nrf2 Signals through Inhibition of TLR4 Activation
    Article Snippet: .. RAW264.7 and BV2 cells cultured in 24-well plates (6 × 105 cells/well) were treated with MA, DMF, MF and LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The supernatant of each well was harvested; the PGE2 content was measured using the mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and the IL-6 and TNF-α contents were determined using the mouse IL-6 ELISA kit (R & D Systems) and mouse TNF-α ELISA kit (Enzo Life Sciences) according to the manufacturers protocol. ..

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..

    Article Title: Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB
    Article Snippet: .. J774 mouse macrophages were seeded in 12-well plates and pretreated with 10 μM dexamethasone or 1, 3 or 10 μM PHT for 1 h before treatment with 200 ng/mL LPS for 18 h. After incubation, the supernatant was collected, and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration was measured by a mouse PGE2 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ..



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    Effect of AE20-SRPL on macrophage activation in RAW264.7 cells. (A) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The levels of NO and <t>PGE2</t> were measured using Griess assay and <t>ELISA</t> kit, respectively. (B and C) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (D) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. (E) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. (F) AE20-SRPL or AE20-G was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The NO level was measured using Griess assay. * P<0.05 vs. CON. AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; AE20-G. aqueous extracts from ginseng at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, <t>prostaglandin</t> <t>E2;</t> iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control.
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    Image Search Results


    Figure 2. Effect of the synbiotic on mast cell hyperactivation. (A) Representative immunohistochemical- stained images of COX-2 expression in the colon. (n = 3). The expression sites of the COX-2 were marked by the white arrows. Scale bars: 100 µm. (B) Quantification of COX-2 area based on immunohisto- chemical staining by ImageJ 1.52a software (n = 3). (C) Levels of histamine in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). (D) Levels of mast cell tryptase in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). (E) Levels of PGE2 in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). Means with different letters (a, b) are significantly different from each other (p < 0.05).

    Journal: Nutrients

    Article Title: Lactobacillus plantarum and Galacto-Oligosaccharides Synbiotic Relieve Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Reshaping Gut Microbiota and Attenuating Mast Cell Hyperactivation.

    doi: 10.3390/nu17101670

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Effect of the synbiotic on mast cell hyperactivation. (A) Representative immunohistochemical- stained images of COX-2 expression in the colon. (n = 3). The expression sites of the COX-2 were marked by the white arrows. Scale bars: 100 µm. (B) Quantification of COX-2 area based on immunohisto- chemical staining by ImageJ 1.52a software (n = 3). (C) Levels of histamine in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). (D) Levels of mast cell tryptase in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). (E) Levels of PGE2 in the colon (ng/mg protein) (n = 6). Means with different letters (a, b) are significantly different from each other (p < 0.05).

    Article Snippet: ELISA was used to measure LPS, histamine, mast cells tryptase, and PGE2 (Mouse Prostaglandin E2 ELISA Kit, Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China; Mouse LPS Elisa kit, Mouse Histamine Elisa kit, Mouse Mast cells trypatase Elisa kit, Fankewei Biology Technology, Shanghai, China).

    Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Expressing, Software

    Sympathetic nerve distribution in the subchondral bone and pain activation of TMJ-OA mice. a Representative immunofluorescent staining imaged and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), netrin-1 (green) and TRAP (red) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of PGE2 levels in the murine subchondral bone ( n = 3). c Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue), TH (red) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 25 μm; n = 3). d Schematic and representative results of viral anterograde tracing in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (red). Nucleus were stained with DAPI (blue). SNS means sympathetic nervous system. AAV means adeno-associated virus (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by Student’s t tests. Schematic generated with Bio Render

    Journal: International Journal of Oral Science

    Article Title: Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain

    doi: 10.1038/s41368-024-00336-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Sympathetic nerve distribution in the subchondral bone and pain activation of TMJ-OA mice. a Representative immunofluorescent staining imaged and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), netrin-1 (green) and TRAP (red) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of PGE2 levels in the murine subchondral bone ( n = 3). c Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue), TH (red) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 25 μm; n = 3). d Schematic and representative results of viral anterograde tracing in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (red). Nucleus were stained with DAPI (blue). SNS means sympathetic nervous system. AAV means adeno-associated virus (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by Student’s t tests. Schematic generated with Bio Render

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of subchondral bone NE (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), NPY (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), PGE2 (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China) were measured individually.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Anterograde Tracing, Virus, Generated

    Sympathetic nerves play a regulatory role in TMJ-OA pain. a Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), TRAP (red) and netrin-1 (green) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of subchondral bone PGE2 levels in mice ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by one-way ANOVA

    Journal: International Journal of Oral Science

    Article Title: Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain

    doi: 10.1038/s41368-024-00336-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Sympathetic nerves play a regulatory role in TMJ-OA pain. a Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), TRAP (red) and netrin-1 (green) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of subchondral bone PGE2 levels in mice ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by one-way ANOVA

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of subchondral bone NE (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), NPY (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), PGE2 (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China) were measured individually.

    Techniques: Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Sympathetic nerves regulate sensory nerves axon growth through the release of NE. a ELISA of subchondral bone NE levels in mice ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by Student’s t tests. b ELISA of subchondral bone NPY levels in mice ( n = 3). ns means not significant by Student’s t tests. c Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and β3-tubulin (green) of the TGN group, TGN + SCGN group, TGN + SCGN + guanethidine (GUA) group, and TGN + SCGN + Propranolol (Pro) group (scale bars, 60 μm; n = 3). d Schematic, representative immunofluorescent staining results and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and β3-tubulin (green) of the TGN group, TGN + NE group, TGN + netrin-1 group and TGN + NE + netrin-1 group (scale bars, 60 μm; n = 3). c , d ns means not significant, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by one-way ANOVA. Schematic generated with Bio Render

    Journal: International Journal of Oral Science

    Article Title: Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain

    doi: 10.1038/s41368-024-00336-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Sympathetic nerves regulate sensory nerves axon growth through the release of NE. a ELISA of subchondral bone NE levels in mice ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by Student’s t tests. b ELISA of subchondral bone NPY levels in mice ( n = 3). ns means not significant by Student’s t tests. c Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and β3-tubulin (green) of the TGN group, TGN + SCGN group, TGN + SCGN + guanethidine (GUA) group, and TGN + SCGN + Propranolol (Pro) group (scale bars, 60 μm; n = 3). d Schematic, representative immunofluorescent staining results and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and β3-tubulin (green) of the TGN group, TGN + NE group, TGN + netrin-1 group and TGN + NE + netrin-1 group (scale bars, 60 μm; n = 3). c , d ns means not significant, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.000 1 by one-way ANOVA. Schematic generated with Bio Render

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of subchondral bone NE (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), NPY (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), PGE2 (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China) were measured individually.

    Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Generated

    Norepinephrine plays a regulatory role in TMJ-OA pain. a Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), TRAP (red) and netrin-1 (green) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of murine subchondral bone PGE2 levels ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA

    Journal: International Journal of Oral Science

    Article Title: Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain

    doi: 10.1038/s41368-024-00336-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Norepinephrine plays a regulatory role in TMJ-OA pain. a Representative immunofluorescent staining images and quantitative analysis of DAPI (blue) and c-fos (red) of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue) and c-fos (green) of trigeminal ganglion (TG) (scale bars, 100 μm), DAPI (blue), TRAP (red) and netrin-1 (green) of the murine condyles (scale bars, 50 μm; n = 3). b ELISA of murine subchondral bone PGE2 levels ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of subchondral bone NE (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), NPY (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China), PGE2 (mouse ELISA kit, Elabscience, China) were measured individually.

    Techniques: Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Figure 4. Inhibitory effects of compounds 1a and 8 on LPS-stimulated PGE2 and COX-2 in RAW264 cells. (A) Cells were treated with various concentrations of 1b and 8 (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) in the presence of LPS (200 ng/mL). After 18 h incubation, the PGE2 level was determined using the CBA ELISA kit. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 4). Statistical differences were assessed using the Tukey-Kramer’s test; ###, p < 0.001 vs control; *, p < 0.05 vs LPS-only group; **, p < 0.05 vs LPS-only group. (B) Cells were treated with chrysin or compounds 1a and 8 (10 μM) for 18 h in the presence of LPS (200 ng/mL). COX-2 expression was quantified by Western blotting analysis. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were assessed using the Tukey-Kramer’s test. Different letters on the columns indicate statistical differences at p < 0.05.

    Journal: ACS omega

    Article Title: Exploring the Anti-inflammatory Potential of Novel Chrysin Derivatives through Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition.

    doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c07938

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Inhibitory effects of compounds 1a and 8 on LPS-stimulated PGE2 and COX-2 in RAW264 cells. (A) Cells were treated with various concentrations of 1b and 8 (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) in the presence of LPS (200 ng/mL). After 18 h incubation, the PGE2 level was determined using the CBA ELISA kit. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 4). Statistical differences were assessed using the Tukey-Kramer’s test; ###, p < 0.001 vs control; *, p < 0.05 vs LPS-only group; **, p < 0.05 vs LPS-only group. (B) Cells were treated with chrysin or compounds 1a and 8 (10 μM) for 18 h in the presence of LPS (200 ng/mL). COX-2 expression was quantified by Western blotting analysis. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were assessed using the Tukey-Kramer’s test. Different letters on the columns indicate statistical differences at p < 0.05.

    Article Snippet: The levels of IL-6 (#558301) and TNF-α (#558299) were determined using mouse CBA ELISA kits (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) and PGE2 (#CSB-E07966m) was determined using a mouse ELISA kits (CUSABIO, Wuhan, China) according to each manufacturer’s guidelines.

    Techniques: Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Expressing, Western Blot

    Effect of AE20-SRPL on macrophage activation in RAW264.7 cells. (A) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B and C) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (D) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. (E) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. (F) AE20-SRPL or AE20-G was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The NO level was measured using Griess assay. * P<0.05 vs. CON. AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; AE20-G. aqueous extracts from ginseng at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control.

    Journal: Biomedical Reports

    Article Title: Immunostimulatory activity of the aqueous extract from the leaves of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula through TLR4‑dependent JNK activation in RAW264.7 cells

    doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1821

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of AE20-SRPL on macrophage activation in RAW264.7 cells. (A) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B and C) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (D) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. (E) AE20-SRPL was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. (F) AE20-SRPL or AE20-G was administered to RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. The NO level was measured using Griess assay. * P<0.05 vs. CON. AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; AE20-G. aqueous extracts from ginseng at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control.

    Article Snippet: PGE2 levels were determined using a Mouse Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ELISA Kit (cat. no. MBS266212; MyBioSource, Inc.) according to the protocols provided by the manufacturer.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Griess Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Activity Assay, MTT Assay, Control

    Effect of TLR2 and TLR4 on AE20-SRPL-mediated activation of macrophages in RAW264.7 cells. (A) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with C29 (TLR2 inhibitor, 100 µM) or TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (C) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. * P<0.05 vs. CON. # P<0.05 vs. DMSO. TLR, Toll-like receptor; AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control.

    Journal: Biomedical Reports

    Article Title: Immunostimulatory activity of the aqueous extract from the leaves of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula through TLR4‑dependent JNK activation in RAW264.7 cells

    doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1821

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of TLR2 and TLR4 on AE20-SRPL-mediated activation of macrophages in RAW264.7 cells. (A) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with C29 (TLR2 inhibitor, 100 µM) or TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (C) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. * P<0.05 vs. CON. # P<0.05 vs. DMSO. TLR, Toll-like receptor; AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control.

    Article Snippet: PGE2 levels were determined using a Mouse Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ELISA Kit (cat. no. MBS266212; MyBioSource, Inc.) according to the protocols provided by the manufacturer.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Griess Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Activity Assay, Control

    Effect of MAPK signaling pathways on AE20-SRPL-mediated activation of macrophages in RAW264.7 cells. (A) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor; 20 µM), SB203580 (p38 inhibitor; 20 µM) or SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (C) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. (D) RAW264.7 cells were treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for the indicated time-points. p-JNK, JNK and Actin were measured using western blot analysis. (E) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 1 h. p-JNK, JNK and Actin were measured using western blot analysis. * P<0.05 vs. CON. # P<0.05 vs. DMSO. AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control; p-, phosphorylated; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase.

    Journal: Biomedical Reports

    Article Title: Immunostimulatory activity of the aqueous extract from the leaves of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula through TLR4‑dependent JNK activation in RAW264.7 cells

    doi: 10.3892/br.2024.1821

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of MAPK signaling pathways on AE20-SRPL-mediated activation of macrophages in RAW264.7 cells. (A) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor; 20 µM), SB203580 (p38 inhibitor; 20 µM) or SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The levels of NO and PGE2 were measured using Griess assay and ELISA kit, respectively. (B) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. The mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (C) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor; 20 µM) and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 24 h. Phagocytotic activity was measured using the neutral red uptake method. (D) RAW264.7 cells were treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for the indicated time-points. p-JNK, JNK and Actin were measured using western blot analysis. (E) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor, 10 µM) for 2 h and then co-treated with AE20-SRPL (50 µg/ml) for 1 h. p-JNK, JNK and Actin were measured using western blot analysis. * P<0.05 vs. CON. # P<0.05 vs. DMSO. AE20-SRPL, aqueous extracts from SRPL at 20˚C; NO, nitric oxide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CON, control; p-, phosphorylated; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase.

    Article Snippet: PGE2 levels were determined using a Mouse Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) ELISA Kit (cat. no. MBS266212; MyBioSource, Inc.) according to the protocols provided by the manufacturer.

    Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Activation Assay, Griess Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Control